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Map Projections CH Switzerland Map Projection
Map Projections Switzerland
LV95
LV03
CH1840 - Bonne Projection
related information
swisstopo
LV95 under construction Switzerland Map Projection
Name: Landesvermessung 1995 (LV95)  - National Control Network 1995
Map Projection Method: Oblique Mercator by Rosenmundgraphic
Reference Surface: Bessel 1841
Geodetic Reference System: CH1903+
Scope: LV95 is designed and defined for the new absolute coordinate reference frame (GNSS  compatible)
related information
Publications DHDN/Rauenberg, System42 ...
Coordinate Reference Frame Change LV03 > LV95
CRS in INTERLIS
Publications LV95
swiss oblique Mercator by Rosenmund 1903
graphic18. March 2001
Map Projection - CH1903+
  • Oblique Mercator by Rosenmund, 1995, on Bessel-Ellipsoid
  • Landesvermessung 1995 - LV95, Fundamental Point : Zimmerwald
  • It is a double projection:
    •   a conformal projection from the Spheroid to a Sphere (Gauss)
    •   Oblique Mercator Projection from the Sphere to the Plane.
graphic
Central Point: Old Observatory, Berne (Projection Origin)
              Radius of Sphere  =  6378815.904 m
              L0 (Bessel)       =  7°26'22.5"
              B0 (Bessel)       = 46°57'08.66"
              l0 (sphere)       =  0
              b0 (sphere)       = 46°54'27.8"
              Easting          =  2600000 m
              Northing         =  1200000 m
graphic
Arc/Info Parameters (Source: Landestopographie)
graphic
Projection       OBLIQUE_MERCATOR
Units            Meters
Spheroid         BESSEL
Datum            USER_DEFINED 674.374 15.056 405.346 0 0 0 0
Xshift           0.0000
Yshift           0.0000
Parameters
2                /* Projection type < 1 | 2 >
1                /* Scale factor at the projection's center
7 26 22.5         /* Longitude of the projection's center (DMS)
46 57 08.66       /* Latitude  of the projection's center (DMS)
90.000000        /* Azimuth at the projection's center
-7419820.5907     /* False easting  (meters)
 1200000.0000     /* False northing (meters)
graphic
Parameters for ESRI´s Projection Engine 
inplemented in ArcGIS 8.1, reformatted for display:
PROJCS["CH1903+_LV95",GEOGCS["GCS_CH1903+",
DATUM["D_CH1903+",
SPHEROID["Bessel_1841",6377397.155,299.1528128]],
PRIMEM["Greenwich",0],
UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199432955]],
PROJECTION["Hotine_Oblique_Mercator_Azimuth_Center"],
PARAMETER["False_Easting",2600000],
PARAMETER["False_Northing",1200000],
PARAMETER["Scale_Factor",1],
PARAMETER["Azimuth",90],
PARAMETER["Longitude_Of_Center",7.439583333333333],
PARAMETER["Latitude_Of_Center",46.95240555555556],
UNIT["Meter",1]]
graphic
Sample Data
Geographic on Bessel (CH1903+, Decimal Degree)
====================
1  7°40'10.273359"E   47°34' 6.364313"N 
2   9°47' 8.455154"E   47°31' .215862"N 
3   9°1'12.903078"E  45°55'54.475622"N   
4  7°36'23.846977"E  46°45'36.895817"N    
Swiss-Grid-Coordinates (in Meters)
======================
 1 2617300.62300 1268506.59600
 2 2776668.24900 1265376.04600
 3 2722590.15600 1087792.04700
 4 2612759.68800 1178654.25700
graphic
Source
  • Urs Marti, Dieter Egger (1999): Bezugssysteme in der Praxis, Bundesamt für Landestopographie: TB99-20.
  • Swiss Federal Office of Topography (L+T): Schweizerisches Projektionssystem - Formeln für die Umrechnung von Landeskarten in geographische Koordinaten und umgekehrt, 
LV03 under construction Switzerland Map Projection
Name: Landesvermessung 1903 (LV03) - National Control Network 1903
Map Projection Method: Oblique Mercator by Rosenmundgraphic
Reference Surface: Bessel 1841
Geodetic Reference System: CH1903
related information
Coordinate Reference Frame Change LV03 > LV95
CRS in INTERLIS
swiss oblique Mercator by Rosenmund 1903
graphic18. March. 2001
Map Projection CH1903
  • Oblique Mercator by Rosenmund, 1903, on Bessel-Ellipsoid
  • Landesvermessung 1903, LV03
  • It is a double projection:
    •   a conformal projection from the Spheroid to a Sphere (Gauss)
    •   Oblique Mercator Projection from the Sphere to the Plane.
graphic
Central Point: Old Observatory, Berne
              Radius of Sphere  =  6378815.904 m
              L0 (Bessel)       =  7°26'22.5"
              B0 (Bessel)       = 46°57'08.66"
              l0 (sphere)       =  0
              b0 (sphere)       = 46°54'27.8"
              Easting          =  600000 m
              Northing         =  200000 m
graphic
Arc/Info Parameters (Source Landestopographie)
graphic
Projection       OBLIQUE_MERCATOR
Units            Meters
Spheroid         BESSEL
Datum            USER_DEFINED 674.374 15.056 405.346 0 0 0 0
Xshift           0.0000
Yshift           0.0000
Parameters
2                /* Projection type < 1 | 2 >
1                /* Scale factor at the projection's center
7 26 22.5         /* Longitude of the projection's center (DMS)
46 57 08.66       /* Latitude  of the projection's center (DMS)
90.000000        /* Azimuth at the projection's center
-9419820.5907     /* False easting  (meters)
 200000.0000     /* False northing (meters)
graphic
Parameters for ESRI´s Projection Engine 
inplemented in ArcGIS 8.1, reformatted for display.
PROJCS["CH1903_LV03",
GEOGCS["GCS_CH1903",
DATUM["D_CH1903",
SPHEROID["Bessel_1841",6377397.155,299.1528128]],
PRIMEM["Greenwich",0],
UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199432955]],
PROJECTION["Hotine_Oblique_Mercator_Azimuth_Center"],
PARAMETER["False_Easting",600000],
PARAMETER["False_Northing",200000],
PARAMETER["Scale_Factor",1],
PARAMETER["Azimuth",90],
PARAMETER["Longitude_Of_Center",7.439583333333333],
PARAMETER["Latitude_Of_Center",46.95240555555556],
UNIT["Meter",1]]
graphic
Sample Data
Geographic on Bessel (CH1903, Decimal Degree)
====================
1  7°40'10.273359"E   47°34' 6.364313"N 
2   9°47' 8.455154"E   47°31' .215862"N 
3   9°1'12.903078"E  45°55'54.475622"N   
4  7°36'23.846977"E  46°45'36.895817"N    
Swiss-Grid-Coordinates (in Meters)
======================
 1 617300.62300 268506.59600
 2 776668.24900 265376.04600
 3 722590.15600 87792.04700
 4 612759.68800 178654.25700
graphic
Source
  • Urs Marti, Dieter Egger (1999): Bezugssysteme in der Praxis, Bundesamt für Landestopographie: TB99-20.
  • Swiss Federal Office of Topography (L+T): Schweizerisches Projektionssystem - Formeln für die Umrechnung von Landeskarten in geographische Koordinaten und umgekehrt, 
CH1840 - Bonne Projection History Switzerland Map Projection
graphic13.08.2011
Name: CH1840
Map Projection Methode: Bonne Projection
Reference Surface: Schmidt 1828
Geodetic Reference System: CH1840
Used for the Dufour Map (from 1840) and Siegfried Map (from 1870)
graphic
"The geodetic bases used for this map series were published by Johannes Eschmann in «Ergebnisse der trigometrischen Vermessungen in der Schweiz» in 1840. The reference ellipslid was the «Schmidt ellipsoid from 1828» (a = 6376804.37 m, f = 1/302.02, in the original a = 3271773.00 toises, b = 3260940.03 toises). In other sources this ellipsoid is called the «Schumacher» ellipsoid. Its fundamental point was the old observatory in Bern with coordinates from 1836:
Lat: 7° 26' 24.75" E (or in the original: 5.670000 gon east of Paris)
Lon: 46° 57' 06.03" N (52.168529 gon)"
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